DOI 10.21440/2307-2091-2016-3-64-66

Investigation of ice formation in the lump rock massifs of cryolithozone of the Northern Transbaikalia pdf

I. I. Zheleznyak, I. Yu. Mal’chikova

Authors present information about the conditions of ice formation in the natural and technogenic clumpy rock masses in the climatic conditions of the mountain regions of Subarctic in the Northen Transbaikalia. This research substantiates actuality of the study of ice formation in such clumps for the purpose of developing methods and technical means for their engineering and geological study, determination of physical and mechanical properties, development of approaches to the solution of a wide range of geo-ecological and geotechnical problems and, in general, the problem of ensuring the stability of constructions of various purposes. One can find basic differences of their properties, which determine the radiation balance of the surface of clumpy rock masses depending on the situation on the terrain and the orientation to the cardinal. The authors also analyze of the impact of seasonal fluctuations in temperature, humidity and precipitation on the particular ice formations in clumpy rock massifs as a result of convective heat transfer in interclumpy spaces. The results of studies show relations of the formation and accumulation of ice from the structure of clumpy massifs. Authors obtained types and main genetic characteristics of ice in clumpy rock masses. Moreover, authors determined the conditions for forming the structure of the crystal lattice, water crystallization, crystal growth, chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties and other characteristics of ice, in the surface and underground rock clumpy massifs. One can see their dependence on dynamics of the changing in the winter low daily and seasonal temperature of crystallization and the rapid growth of ice crystals. Authors present conclusions of the scientific and practical importance in solving practical problems of economic development of the territories with local and areal extent of clumpy rock massifs.

Keywords: rocks; clumpy massif; water; ice; surface radiation balance.

REFERENCES

1. Sochava V. B. 1978, Vvedenie v uchenie o geosistemakh [Introduction to the study of the ecosystems], Novosibirsk, 320 p.
2. Romanovskiy N. N., Tyurin A. I., Sergeev D. O. 1989, Kurumy gol’tsovogo poyasa [Stone run of Goltsovoye belt], Novosibirsk, 148 p.
3. Zheleznyak I. I., Mal’chikova I. Yu., Shpolyanskaya N. A., Yanushauskas A. I. 1991, Kurumy Severnogo Zabaykal’ya [Stone runs of Northern Transbaikalia], Novosibirsk, 124 p.
4. Mal’chikova I. Yu. 2000, Konvektivnyy teplomassoobmen v pustotakh-polostyakh prirodnykh geosistem [Convective heat and mass transfer in the cavities, voids of natural geosystems]. Materialy IV Minskogo Mezhdunarodnogo foruma po teplo- i massoobmenu [Materials of Minsk IV International Forum on Heat and Mass Transfer], vol. 1, pp. 55–58.
5. Zheleznyak I. I., Kholodovskiy S. E. 2015, Priroda i model’ rasprostraneniya temperaturnykh voln v kurumakh [Nature and the model of distribution of temperature waves in stone runs]. Uchenye zapiski ZabGU [Scholarly Notes of Transbaikal State University], no. 62, pp. 44–46.
6. Zheleznyak I. I. 2015, Glybovyy massiv gornykh porod: issledovanie i modelirovanie kriogennogo teploperenosa [Clumpy rock massif: study and simulation of the cryogenic heat transfer]. Vestnik ZabGU [Bulletin of Transbaikal State University], no. 126, pp. 23–29.
7. Mal’chikova I. Yu. 1992, Genezis ledyanykh obrazovaniy peshchery Kheetey [Genesis of ice formations of Heetey cave]. Geografiya, ekologiya i zdorov’e naseleniya. Zapiski Zabaikal’skogo filiala Geograficheskogo obshchestva Rossii
[Geography, environment and human health. Notes of the Trans-Baikal branch of the Geographical Society of Russia], vol. 126, pp. 115–116.
8. Mal’chikova I. Yu. 2000, Led v peshcherakh Zabaykal’ya [Ice caves in Transbaikalia]. Izv. RGO [Proceedings of the Russian Geographical Society], vol. 132, no. 5, pp. 38–43.
9. Shpolyanskaya N. A. 2015, Underground ices as the information on Development of the Russian Arctic Regions in Pleistocene-Holocene. Arstic, Subarctic: mosaic, contrast, variability of the cryosphere, International conference, Tyumen, Russia, pp. 436–440.
10. Pavlov A. V. 1979, Teplofizika landshaftov [landscapes Thermophysics], Novosibirsk, 283 p.
11. Gavrilova M. K. 1967, Mikroklimaticheskiy i teplovoy rezhim zemnoy poverkhnosti i gruntov v Charskoy kotlovine [Microclimatic and thermal regime of the Earth’s surface and the soils in the Chara basin]. Geokriologicheskie usloviya Zabaykal’ya i Pribaykal’ya [Permafrost conditions of Transbaikalia and the Baikal region], Moscow, pp. 148–161.
12. Bordonskiy G. S., Gurulev A. A., Obyazov V. A., Orlov A. O., Tsyrenzhapov S. V. 2012, Izuchenie karstovykh ledyanykh peshcher distantsionnymi metodami [The study of karst ice caves using remote sensing]. Geografiya i prirodnye resursy [Geography and natural resources], vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 133–137.
13. Hausmann H., Behm M. 2011, Imaging the structure of cave ice by ground-penetrating radar. Cryosphere, vol. 5, issue 2, pp. 329–340.