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DOI 10.21440/2307-2091-2016-3-20-24

Synergistic effects during the formation of geohazards in the mountain river basins of the Tien Shan pdf

L. E. Orolbaeva, A. A. Meleshko

The complex orography of Tien-Shan, geodynamically unstable environment determine the formation of such natural processes such as landslides, earthquakes, mudslides, floods and high waters. Dumps and tailings of mining and extractive industries, located in channels and floodplains of spleen and landslide-prone rivers significantly complicate the manifestation of dangerous natural processes and reduce the ecological situation. It determines the necessity of studying factors and conditions of formation of these processes, identifying patterns of their manifestations and interconnections, as well as the study of the nature of the triggers that lead to the emergence of synergies. The article describes the natural conditions and factors of formation of dangerous natural processes and phenomena of the Tien Shan, the characteristic of technogeneous factors. Authors analyzed and typed geohazards with a synergistic effect manifesting with the greatest frequency in the mountain river basins of the Tien Shan. The article describes the formation of different types of floods with the manifestation of the synergistic effect and the formation of a cascade of dangerous processes. Examples of the formation of hazardous processes are river basins of Ala-Archa and Mailu-Suu with typical for the majority of mountain river basins natural conditions, the activity of dangerous natural processes and the basin of river Mailuu-Suu also has the imposition of anthropogenic factors: the presence of radioactive dumps and tailings. For river basin. Ala-Archa authors reviewed a manifestation of the synergistic effect and the formation of a cascade of dangerous processes under different trigger events.For Mailuu-Suu river basin authors give projections of volume calculations dammed lake during the landslide, analyze the possible options for the development of dangerous processes. To justify the prediction of synergistic effects in the formation of geohazards in mountain river basins it is necessary to evaluate the existing relationship between hazardous natural and technological processes, determine the likely triggers, their nature, and trigger chance in time and space.

Keywords: mountain river basins; natural hazards; climate change; technogeneous factors; synergistic effects; prognosis; management of geohazards.

 

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