2-19-5

УДК 552.321.6 (470.5)

https://doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2019-2-42-48

 

The purpose of work: estimation of the ratio of magmatic and metasomatic processes during the formation of dunites in arrays of folded areas. The relevance of the work is due to the need to adjust the legend during geological mapping and when searching for chromite ores.
Methodology of the work: generalization of a long-term study of the geological structure, mineralogy, petrochemistry, and geochemistry of chromitebearing ultramafites of the Urals with the involvement of world petrological and experimental data. Results. The mantle ultramafic rocks are represented by two main types – subcontinental and ophiolitic ones. Dunites are developed in both types. Dunites in the subcontinental ultramafites are exposed in the most eroded parts of massifs. Contacts with overlying harzburgites and lherzolites are gradual, which implies the formation of the entire incision during a nonrecurrent process with the formation of a single dunite-harzburgite-lherzolite series. The process responsible for its formation was the partial melting of pyrolite of the mantle, as evidenced by the results of experiments confirmed by the published data studying the composition of rock-forming ultramafite minerals. Dunites should be considered as the final product of the process of partial melting of pyrolite mantle. Dunites of ophiolites have a fundamentally different nature; they are formed according to restites, products of partial melting, and they are part of two complexes: websterite-dunite and gabbro-clinopyroxenite-dunite. Dunites of the first complex are formed during the synkinematic metamorphic differentiation of restites; dunites of the second complex – as a result of the reaction of gabbro with restites.
Conclusion. Three genetic types of dunites take part in the structure of mantle ultramafites of folded areas: 1) products of partial melting of mantle pyrolite, 2) products of synkinematic metamorphic differentiation of harzburgites, 3) products of the reaction of gabbroids with harzburgites. The association of the first type with subcontinental ultramafites and the rest with ophiolites indicates the different geodynamic setting for the formation of ultramafites and the associated chromite concentrations: unique deposits of high-chromous ores occur in subcontinental ultramafites; numerous small ore occurrences of medium-chrome ores – in ophiolites.

Keywords: dunite, partial melting, pyrolyte, restite, subcontinental ultramafites, ophiolite.

The work was performed within the framework of the state assignment of the Institute of geology and geochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (state registration number AAA-A18-118052590026-5).

 

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